Abstract
The evaluation and standardization of nutraceuticals and nano-nutraceuticals require highly sensitive, robust, and selective analytical tools due to the inherent complexity and variability of bioactive compounds derived from natural sources. Chromatographic techniques—particularly advanced and hyphenated ones like high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), and nano-liquid chromatography (nano-LC)—have become prominent methodologies in qualitative and quantitative polyphenol, flavonoid, essential oil, vitamin, and other phytochemical characterization in functional food and nanoformulated systems.
These techniques enable simultaneous compound detection and separation with high reproducibility and precision, allowing for the determination of encapsulation efficiency, degradation profiling, and pharmacokinetic studies of nano-delivery systems. Coupling chromatography with bioautography, image analysis, and multivariate data processing further expands its utility to bioactivity-guided compound discovery and systems biology. Further, developments in column technologies, two-dimensional chromatography, and microfluidic platforms are propelling analytical throughput and sensitivity to new frontiers. Regulatory guidelines increasingly require validated chromatographic procedures for ensuring batch-to-batch reproducibility, safety, and bioavailability of nutraceuticals.
The chapter presents a critical examination of the concepts, instrumentation, and practical applications of contemporary chromatographic systems, as well as their role in optimizing formulation strategies and ensuring regulatory acceptability. The future of nutraceutical analysis is in the synergistic use of hyphenated chromatography, green analytical chemistry, and intelligent data analytics for holistic, eco-efficient, and personalized product evaluation.
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Almoselhy, R.I.M., Usmani, A., Kumar, A., Rahman, M.U. (2025). Chromatographic Techniques for Evaluating the Nutraceuticals and Nano-Nutraceuticals Formulations. In: Rajakumari, R., Thomas, S. (eds) Handbook of Nutraceuticals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69677-1_19-1
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