Abstract
Skin aging is a multifactorial biological process influenced by intrinsic factors such as genetics and the natural chronological ageing process, as well as extrinsic environmental factors, including oxidative stress, UV radiation and pollution. Due to these, the structural and functional deterioration of skin occurs resulting in manifestations such as wrinkles, loss of elasticity and pigmentations. Antiaging cosmeceuticals are widely recognised for their ability to mitigate these manifestations. However, synthetic formulations such as retinoid which are commonly used lead to adverse reactions and undesirable effects such as photosensitivity.
With the increasing demand for safer and natural formulations, Zeitgain creams were developed in Sri Lanka, composed with natural bioactive ingredients such as virgin coconut oil, Aloe vera, pomegranate extract, cucumber seed oil, saffron, Garcinia indica (kokum), vitamin E, vitamin C, hyaluronic acid, niacinamide, and zinc PCA which have demonstrated significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and collagen preserving properties. These ingredients can scavenge reactive oxygen species, stimulate collagen and hyaluronic acid synthesis, inhibit matrix metalloproteinases and modulate inflammatory pathways, thereby improving skin hydration, barrier functions and elasticity.
Zeitgain creams use functional excipients including glycerine, cetyl alcohol, stearic acid, glyceryl monostearate and carbopol, which contribute to skin hydration, emulsion stability and active ingredient delivery. Notably, safety considerations generally recognise these ingredients as safe. This review evaluates the scientific evidence related to bioactive compounds in Zeitgain creams, focusing on natural and synthetic components.
Introduction
Skin is considered the largest organ in the human body by weight as well as extent, and functions as a peripheral sensory organ as well as a protective barrier for the body (Venus et al., 2010). The skin acts as the barrier between the internal and external environments for the body, and it also incorporates all the major systems in the body, including the circulatory system, innervation and muscular systems, thereby aiding in homeostasis of skin (Tobin, 2005).
Skin aging is a complex process which involves a set of biological and biochemical changes and is affected by the changes in secondary structures of the skin, changes in underlying muscles, subcutaneous fat and bone structures (Shin et al., 2023). Skin aging can be separated into two main processes known as intrinsic aging and extrinsic aging (Kim et al., 2022). Extrinsic aging is the skin aging that is caused by environmental factors such as UV radiation, air pollution, smoking and lack of nutrients and intrinsic aging reflects to the genetic composition of the person (Puizina-Ivić N, 2008). Moreover, extrinsically aged skin can be identified by photo damage as wrinkles, pigmented lesions, hypopigmentation and actinic keratosis (He et al., 2023).
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Anti-Aging Properties of Ingredients Available in Zeitgain Cream, Bookoladeniya D. R. , Perera R. P. C. D. , Dassanayake D. M. S. S. , Seneviratne N. N. , Rathnayake A. S. , Samarathunga L. D. T. C. , Wijerathne P. K. S. K. , Senathilake K. S. , Samarakoon S. R., Posted Date: 19 August 2025, doi: 10.20944/preprints202508.1378.v1
